Page 1 Page 2 Page 3 Page 4 Page 5 Page 6 Page 7 Page 8 Page 9 Page 10 Page 11 Page 12 Page 13 Page 14 Page 15 Page 16 Page 17 Page 18 Page 19 Page 20 Page 21 Page 22 Page 23 Page 24 Page 25 Page 26 Page 27 Page 28 Page 29 Page 30 Page 31 Page 32 Page 33 Page 34 Page 35 Page 36 Page 37 Page 38 Page 39 Page 40 Page 41 Page 42 Page 43 Page 44 Page 45 Page 46 Page 47 Page 48 Page 49 Page 50 Page 51 Page 52 Page 53 Page 54 Page 55 Page 56 Page 57 Page 58 Page 59 Page 60 Page 61 Page 62 Page 63 Page 64 Page 65 Page 66 Page 67 Page 68 Page 69 Page 70 Page 71 Page 72 Page 73 Page 74 Page 75 Page 76 Page 77 Page 78 Page 79 Page 80 Page 81 Page 82 Page 83 Page 84 Page 85 Page 86 Page 87 Page 88 Page 89 Page 90 Page 91 Page 92 Page 93 Page 94 Page 95 Page 96 Page 97 Page 98 Page 99 Page 100 Page 101 Page 102 Page 103 Page 104 Page 105 Page 106 Page 107 Page 108 Page 109 Page 110 Page 111 Page 112 Page 113 Page 114 Page 115 Page 116 Page 117 Page 118 Page 119 Page 120 Page 121 Page 122 Page 123 Page 124 Page 125 Page 126 Page 127 Page 128 Page 129 Page 130 Page 131 Page 132 Page 133 Page 134 Page 135 Page 136 Page 137 Page 138 Page 139 Page 140 Page 141 Page 142 Page 143 Page 144 Page 145 Page 146 Page 147 Page 148126 / SEEDWORLD.COM DECEMBER 2016 CLIPPER CERES 686-2-4 CLEANER • Utilizes Standard Clipper Screens, Over 150 Different Sizes Available • Counter Balanced Shoes • Integrated Centrifugal Blower • Variable Speed Electronic Vibratory Feeder • A Total of Nine Flow Arrangements • Ability to Grade Three Sizes • Quick and Easy Screen Release (No Tools Required) • Safe Seed Edge Molding (Reduces Seed Coat Damage) • Precision Cleaning Capacity of 600-800 BPH Soybean and Wheat • Manufactured by A.T. Ferrell: Engineered Without Compromise atferrell.com/clipper A.T.Ferrell Company, Inc 1440 S. Adams St., Bluffton, IN 4671 800-248-8318 Fax 260-824-5463 (thereby keeping carbon sequestered in the soil), ethanol pro- duction from corn (excess corn not needed for fuel can be used for biofuel production), and optimization of the use of available crop residues (corn stover could be co-fired alongside coal in coal-fired power plants to offset fossil fuel use). The first two strategies are near-term strategies, and are already in use and seeing success, notes Lohuis. “How do you reduce direct ag emissions today, like use of fer- tilizer, manure and fuel? How do you minimize all the inputs that go onto the land? We think the answer there is around precision agriculture,” he says. be achieved from U.S. agriculture alone. More than 90 percent of that potential could be accomplished from adopting these practices for corn and soybean crops. The long-term strategies each have similar mitigation poten- tials, but it will take time to fully realize because technological and economic barriers currently exist for the adoption of these strate- gies. More research is needed in these areas, the study notes. The largest agricultural source of emission comes from an indirect source,” Lohuis says. “When ag expands its footprint, chopping down trees or drain- ing wetlands, it leads to fairly significant amounts of emissions. How can we freeze the footprint of ag, slow down this expansion and turn it around and start to spare land for other purposes?” That is perhaps the biggest question. According to Elliot, even as crops begin to move further north to be grown, they will hit a natural wall. Land that was frozen tundra for thousands of years did not develop the quality soil needed to grow crops, he notes. But the question is how many new emissions will be generated as farming ramps up in regions that before didn’t see such inten- sive agriculture? And that’s where the real cost comes in. “This northward shift, that costs money. It means moving the infrastructure from the U.S. Corn Belt further north. It won’t be free, but obviously we have highly developed industrialized agri- culture, and that shift will happen as time goes on,” Elliot says. “There are parts of the world where that’s not true, like Africa and South Asia, where they don’t have the adaptation options and/ or they don’t have the wealth and resources to take advantage of those options. The dynamics in the U.S. will be much different.” SW “Working with Joshua to understand what will happen to our major row crops with climate change has been a real eye-opener.” — Mike Lohuis “When you start to understand the different soil types and things like that, we can use all those data layers to feed a script back to farmers through their equipment to deliver that script in a very precise manner. You can apply just enough nitrogen at just the right time to meet the plant’s needs, rather than applying too much and a lot of it sits there and is eventually washed away.” If 60 percent of the cropland not currently using the near- term strategies begins to adopt the near-term practices by 2030, over 100 million metric tons of CO2 emissions reductions could