24  / SEEDWORLD.COM  OCTOBER 2026
techniques that could make lines homozygous in one generation, 
but he is still undecided whether those approaches are a good fit 
for popcorn.
“Selfing every generation takes a lot longer, but we’re evaluat­
ing generations and I need those repeated measures year after 
year because I want a line that will produce the same popcorn, 
year after year, no matter what kind of weather they get,” Studer 
says.
Over time, the team selected against weak stalks and disease 
before shifting its focus to flavor, texture and flake traits once it had 
stable, high-performing lines. Texture was especially important.
“The starch can be a little like a packing peanut,” Studer 
explains. “It has to have the right amount of crunch and the right 
flake.”
When Kernel Shape Predicts the Pop
Flake refers to the shape of the popped kernel, with two main 
types: ball, which is round and sturdy for caramel corn, and but­
terfly, the wider movie-theater style Studer’s team was target­
ing. An intermediate mushroom type also exists.
Undergraduates score the flakes, and the team is even linking 
those shapes to observable kernel features.
“There are anecdotal observations that the shape of your 
kernel relates to how much of your hull releases off the flake, as 
well as the flake itself,” Studer says.
Studer has tested this selection method with high school 
students, asking them to predict which kernels would pop best 
based on appearance alone. While random picks succeed about 
25% of the time, some stu­
dents reach success rates 
above 60% with careful obser­
vation.
This is where artificial intel­
ligence comes in.
“If a high schooler can pick 
out traits just by looking at 
kernels, machine vision will be 
able to pick out and quantify 
those traits. That will really 
change the way we do things,” 
Studer says.
The team is already test­
ing lines in the field that were 
selected using machine vision 
models, alongside human 
selections and random con­
trols, as researchers evalu­
ate the technology over the 
coming years.
Moving Beyond the 
Research Plot
To take Illini SuperPop to 
the next level, Studer part­
nered with brothers Matt and 
Darin Riggs of Riggs Beer 
Company. They began brew­
ing to create a unique, value-
added product directly from 
their fifth-generation family 
farm.
“A lot of smaller farmers 
have gotten out of farming 
because it’s hard to compete, 
but our ethos has always been 
to not be afraid to be different 
and try something new,” Darin 
Riggs says.
After expanding beyond 
traditional field crops to grow 
Anthony Studer introduces 
students to corn genetics in the 
field. The popcorn project 
supports lessons in agriculture, 
genomics, computer science 
and plant breeding.
Sarah Kaper, director of 
the Champaign County 
Farm Bureau Foundation’s 
Ag in the Classroom 
program, is helping 
develop popcorn-based 
lessons for students across 
Illinois.

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