Texas A&M AgriLife Research is investing in the future of rapid crop design with improved traits through the deployment of two new labs and a half-million dollar seed grant program to jump-start the process.
“We are pleased to announce a new funding opportunity that focuses on building a pipeline for genome editing in agriculturally important crops in Texas and beyond,” says Dr. Bill McCutchen, executive associate director of AgriLife Research, College Station.
“The recent development of the Crop Genome Editing Lab and the MultiCrop Transformation Lab, coupled with the existing capabilities of the Genomics and Bioinformatics Service Lab, uniquely positions us to research and discover novel methods and solutions for important traits across multiple crops,” McCutchen says.
Together, these research and service labs, combined with one of the largest agriculture-focused sequencing facilities in the world, can now provide a complete plant genome editing pipeline for crop improvement, says Dr. Charlie Johnson, director of the Genomics and Bioinformatics Service Lab, College Station.
The Crop Genome Editing Lab is led by Dr. Michael Thomson, Texas A&M University professor and HM Beachell Rice Chair with AgriLife Research, while the MultiCrop Transformation Lab is directed by research specialists Marco and Mayra Molina.
“We believe our 25-plus years combined experience working on plant biotechnology, either on academia or industry will fully support AgriLife’s initiative of building this pipeline aimed at successful plant transformation of major commercial crops and overcoming challenges such as stable transformation and plant regeneration,” the Molina’s says in a joint statement.
Some of the newest capabilities include genomics analysis for single guide RNA design, Cas9/sgRNA construct development, biolistic or Agrobacterium-based transformation, plant regeneration and confirmation of gene-edited progeny.
Thomson says by working with individual research and breeding groups, their combined expertise can help jump-start genome editing activities for crop improvement.
The seed grant program will fund approximately 20 projects focused on a specific crop, trait and target gene or genes, with each project allowed to request up to $30,000 in service credits for the entire project, he said.
The seed grant program aims to link investigators with this integrated genome-editing pipeline to test genome editing approaches for their target crop and trait.
“We are now utilizing CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, which has transformed research approaches across a wide range of fields,” Thomson says. “This method presents an unprecedented opportunity to rapidly deploy beneficial traits in major crops, thus cutting time off the long breeding process.”
While genome editing offers tremendous promise, Thomson says there are still a number of challenges to be tackled before the technology becomes routinely used for crop improvement.
Some of the issues for researchers will be:
- Knowing the gene or genes underlying the trait of interest.
- Targeting multigene families or genes in polyploid species.
- Moving beyond simple knock-outs to implement precise base edits and allele replacements.
- Avoiding off-target effects.
- Overcoming genotype-specific transformation.
- Regeneration constraints.
- Efficiently selecting progeny with the desired edits.
“We have this technology and we are open for business,” Johnson says. “This is part of AgriLife Research’s continued investment into agriculture and life science platforms and providing the latest technology and corresponding seed grants to our faculty.”
